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Partial Purification
Breakers of Wudu
Purification Bath
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Wudu is rendered
void by two kinds of factors: (1) Those which issue out from body, (2) those
which effect the body from outside.
The First Kind
This includes the following:
Passing of urine or stool;
Release of wind;
Emission of pus, blood, piece of stone, worm, prostatic
fluid, etc., from anus or genitals;
Issue of blood from any part of the body;
Vomiting in mouthful containing blood, pus or other stomach
contents, excluding spittle and phlegm;
If vomiting occurs at short intervals, but the total
quantity of vomited matter equals a mouthful;
Spittle containing overwhelming element of blood;
Emission of semen due to shock, fall, etc.
Emission of dirty fluid from sore eyes, unless it is
chronic;
Issuing out with pain of watery fluid from the woman's
breasts, except milk;
Ordinary bleeding of the uterus (Istihadah) and
omission of prostatic fluid;
Wudu also breaks with the discharge of the menses,
semen, Nifas, etc., which render a person impure and one needs to
have a bath for purification.
The Second Kind
The external factors that render Wudu
void are:
Sleeping with one's back or belly flat on the bed or ground,
or with body reclined against a support;
Losing one's senses even temporarily;
Fainting due to shock or disease;
Being inoxicated by eating or drinking or smelling an
intoxicant;
Breaking into laughter during Prayer except in the funeral
Prayer;
Bringing the genitals into contact by two persons in the
lustful state, without a curtain between them, even if there is no emission
of semen;
A sick person's going to sleep while offering Prayers in the
lying down position;
A person's going to sleep outside the Prayers, when his
heels are out of contact with the ground.
Factors which do not Break Wudu
Going to sleep during the Prayers, even if it happens during
prostration;
Dozing in the sitting posture;
Breaking into laughter by a minor during the Prayers;
Breaking into laughter during funeral Prayer;
Laughing lightly or smiling during Prayers;
Emission of milk from a woman's breasts;
Becoming naked, or touching one's own genitals, or looking
at another person's nakedness;
Appearance of blood in a wound, unless it flows out of the
wound;
Having haircut or trimming of the beard after Wudu;
Spitting or coughing out phlegm, even if it is in mouthful;
Embracing or caressing of a man and wife;
Appearing of a worm from the ear, nose or mouth;
Excretion of clean fluids from the body, like tears, sweat,
etc.
Belching even if it is stinking;
Telling a lie, back biting or committing a minor sin.
Injunctions Concerning Minor Impurity (Hadath Asghar)
In this state of Impurity, which means being
without Wudu, one is forbidden:
To offer Prayers, obligatory or optional, funeral or Eid;
To prostrate on the ground for any purpose;
To handle the Quran in any matter, even if it is bound and
cloth-covered, except when wrapped in a separate cloth or handkerchief. The
people who have to handle the Quran frequently, e.g., minor children who are
learning to read the Quran or printers, book-binders, etc., are exempted,
because it is not not possible for them to remain in the state of Wudu
at all times.
To handle a commentary of the Quran containing the Arabic
Text as well as its translation in another language.
To touch a piece of paper, cloth, plastic, etc., which has a
verse of the Quran written in it. One is, however, allowed to recite, read
or teach the Quran, or write it provided one does not touch the paper on
which one is writing it, in the state of Hadath Asghar.
To circumambulate the Kabah.
Wudu of an Excusable Person
A person is regarded as excusable if he has a
continual emission of an impure fluid from the body due to ailment or disease
and he is unable to remain in a state of purity for performing the Prayers. Such
cases include:
A patient of sore eyes which are emitting dirty, impure
fluid continually;
A person suffering from the dribbling of urine;
A person having frequent release of wind;
A person having frequent motions due to stomach trouble;
Constant emission of pus or blood from any part of the body;
Constant nasal bleeding;
Constant emission of semen or prostatic fluid;
Constant issue of blood from the uterus (Istihadah)
In all such cases one is required to perform
fresh Wudu for every Prayer, which will remain valid even after the
Prayer till it is rendered void by the incidence of something else than the
ailment one is suffering from. Instance: The Wudu of a person having
constant nasal bleeding will be rendered void by urniation, release of wind,
etc.
Such an excusable person can offer any Fard,
Sunnat or Nafl Prayer till the last limit prescribed for the
Prayer for which he has performed the Wudu. Instance: The Wudu
performed for the Fajr Prayer will become void at the sunrise, and the
person concerned will have to perform a fresh Wudu for the Zuhr
Prayer; similarly the Wudu performed for the Zuhr Prayer will
remain valid till the end of the time limit forthe Zuhr Prayer will
remain valid till the end of the time limit for the Zuhr Prayer, and he
will have to perform fresh Wudu for the Asr Prayer.
If an excusable person gets well and remains
throughout the intervals between two Prayers, he will no longer considered
excused, but will have to perform a fresh Wudu in case of relapse, even
for a while, of the ailment. Instance: A person having dribbling of the urine
will no longer excused if dribbling remains completely ceased between the Zuhr
and Asr Prayer: now he will have to perform fresh Wudu even after
a single drop of urine that he passes.
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